Selecting the right material is one of the most important decisions you will make when planning your injection molded parts. The material you choose will determine the part’s strength, flexibility, temperature resistance, and cost, impacting your product’s performance and success in the market. Whether you are working with an injection molding company for a new product launch or scaling up your existing product, understanding your material options helps you make informed decisions and avoid costly mistakes. Understand Your Application Requirements The first step in choosing the right material is to analyze the requirements of your product: Mechanical Properties: Does your part need to be rigid or flexible? Should it withstand heavy loads or impacts? Thermal Properties: Will the part be exposed to high or low temperatures? Chemical Resistance: Will the part come into contact with chemicals, oils, or water? Appearance: Do you need a specific color or surface fini...
8 Steps to Optimizing the Injection Molding Process
The
complexities of engineering an injection molded plastic component or part for a
complex application must translate to moldability. If a molder is inexperienced
in tool design and process optimization, there’s a good chance they won’t be
familiar with methodologies essential for creating a highly efficient
production process such as scientific plastic injection molding and, more specifically Design of Experiments (DOE) within
scientific molding.
Let's
take a look at the key steps that tool and process engineers take to ensure
consistent and repeatable manufacturability of flawless molded parts.
INJECTION MOLDING PROCESS STEPS
In
broadest terms, the injection molding process can be broken into three steps:
1. PRODUCT DESIGN
Determining
product objectives such as function, aesthetics, assembly, etc., and the
requirements for accomplishing the objectives. A team of engineers specially
trained in advanced methodologies such as Design for Manufacturability (DfM) is
assembled to identify and possibly improve upon solutions to meet the
particular project requirements — including the selection of materials for the
final complex injection molded part and the tool.
2. TOOL DESIGN
Like
product design, a thoughtful approach to tooling proves valuable. In addition
to choosing the appropriate material for tool construction — hardened steel,
pre-hardened steel, or aluminum — designing for proper gate location, draft,
etc., is necessary to prevent costly project missteps.
3. MANUFACTURING
Production
is the obvious goal of the step-by-step injection molding process. Achieving
successful outcomes brings together the product and tool designs with resins
that deliver to project needs (such as strength, heat tolerances, sterility,
etc.) and moldability requirements including tight tolerances, uniform wall
thickness, heating, cooling, and consistent repeatable cycling.
WHY DOES THE PROCESS MATTER?
Why
are scientific molding and DOE important to your injection molding project?
Simply put, they take the injection molding process to a much higher level of
precision, helping to lower costs in the long run by allowing for
identification and correction of tooling problems prior to production.
Experienced injection molding company molders use
scientific molding and DOE as the foundation for a robust and optimized
injection molding process that leads to the successful manufacture of
critical-use plastic parts and components by introducing a series of
progressive checks and balances.
STEPS TO PROCESS OPTIMIZATION
When
making decisions about process optimization, tool engineers and process
engineers work together to proactively identify and correct any tooling
weaknesses, following these 8 steps:
1. TOOL FUNCTIONALITY EXAMINATION
Every
aspect of the tool's mechanical functionality is assessed to make sure
everything works as designed, using the material settings provided by the
supplier of the material to be molded.
2. SHORT SHOT TESTING
Dynamic
pressure loss and, in a multiple-cavity tool, cavity imbalance are determined
and documented using sample parts. Also, the rheology curve (or viscosity
curve) is established to indicate the best fill rate and pattern.
3. GATE SEAL STUDIES
Both
the pressure curve and weight of the sample parts are observed to see if the
gates fully seal and at what point sealing occurs.
4. SAMPLE PARTS EVALUATION/DATA
RECORDING
All
defects are examined and recorded, along with recommendations for any
adjustments in the process or the tool in order to correct the defects.
Likewise, data is recorded with regard to melt temperature, fill time, tool
temperature, coolant flow, cycle time and pressure curves.
5. QUALITY CONTROL
The
sample parts go to quality control for examination and documentation of their
measurements, shot-to-shot consistencies and overall quality.
6. TOOL ADJUSTMENTS
Based
on information gathered during quality control, necessary tool adjustments are
made, and new sample parts are made.
7. NEW SAMPLE CREATION/QUALITY
CONTROL TESTING
The
new sample parts are subjected to the same quality testing and more adjustments
are made, if necessary.
8. PROCESS PARAMETER/PERFORMANCE
RANGES VERIFICATION
The
quality testing and adjustments continue until all process parameters meet
their performance ranges. Once verified, the tool is ready for use and the
process is deemed optimized.
By
leveraging scientific molding and DOE, experienced custom high volume injection molding engineers understand each phase of
development — from tool design and mold fill analysis to process monitoring and
quality control. The result? The most efficient and robust process possible for
manufacturing the complex injection molded plastic parts and products you need
for complex applications from medical devices to automotive
parts.
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